分类: health

  • CARPHA media briefing on hantavirus (Andes strain)

    CARPHA media briefing on hantavirus (Andes strain)

    On the morning of 11 May 2026, Dr. Lisa Indar, Executive Director of the Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA), delivered a formal opening statement at a widely anticipated media briefing, addressing the ongoing hantavirus outbreak linked to the Dutch-registered expedition cruise ship MV Hondius. The briefing was convened to deliver transparent, evidence-based updates to regional governments, media outlets and the general public, dispelling growing misinformation around the emerging public health event.

    The outbreak traces back to 1 April 2026, when the MV Hondius departed Argentina for a South Atlantic expedition. On 2 May, the United Kingdom’s International Health Regulation (IHR) focal point notified the World Health Organization (WHO) of an unusual cluster of severe respiratory illness among passengers and crew on board. As of the 11 May briefing, nine confirmed and suspected hantavirus cases have been documented, with three fatalities reported. One additional passenger is awaiting retesting after an initial inconclusive result. With people on board originating from 28 countries—including the Philippines, the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands—multiple passengers have already disembarked or been medically evacuated to different nations, triggering a large-scale multinational contact tracing operation coordinated by global health authorities. Following the initial notification, the WHO and Dutch public health officials placed the vessel under strict public health protocols, and all people on board have since undergone ongoing monitoring; many affected individuals have been transferred for medical care or repatriated to their home countries under controlled public health measures.

    Dr. Indar clarified that hantavirus is not a new or unknown pathogen. It is a well-documented rodent-borne zoonotic virus that has circulated in wild rodent populations across the globe for decades, with roughly 20 identified strains. The virus is naturally shed by infected rodents through urine, droppings and saliva, and primary transmission to humans occurs through contact with infected rodents or environments contaminated by their excreta. The specific strain driving the MV Hondius outbreak is the Andes virus, a variant predominantly found in parts of South America including Argentina, and the only hantavirus strain confirmed to cause limited human-to-human transmission. This rare person-to-person spread only occurs through intimate or prolonged close contact, and the virus has an incubation period of between one and six weeks. Critically, Dr. Indar emphasized that the rodent species that naturally hosts the Andes virus is not present in the Caribbean, meaning there is no established local transmission cycle in the region. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment or licensed vaccine for hantavirus infection; clinical care is limited to supportive interventions such as oxygen therapy and close intensive monitoring.

    Aligning its risk assessment with leading global health bodies including the WHO, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), CARPHA has concluded that the overall risk of widespread hantavirus transmission to the Caribbean public remains low. Dr. Indar outlined multiple scientific foundations for this assessment: the virus does not spread easily between people, even the Andes variant’s limited human-to-human transmission requires extremely close, prolonged contact and has never caused widespread community spread, the primary reservoir remains wild rodents, the virus cannot spread via airborne transmission like COVID-19 or seasonal influenza, it has a short lifespan when surviving in external environments, and its required natural habitat does not exist in the Caribbean. Dr. Indar also explicitly distinguished hantavirus from COVID-19, noting that COVID-19 caused a global pandemic because it spreads easily between people including those with asymptomatic or mild infections, while hantavirus is primarily rodent-borne with very limited, uncommon human spread that cannot drive large-scale outbreaks.

    Following the initial notification of the outbreak on 2 May, CARPHA activated its emergency response protocols immediately. Within three days, the agency disseminated a formal watching brief to all member states on 5 May, established ongoing coordination with international agencies, regional Chief Medical Officers, IHR national focal points and other key stakeholders, implemented daily situational monitoring, convened meetings of its Incident Management Team for Emergency Response (IMT-ER) and regional Chief Medical Officers, and hosted the current media briefing to ensure transparent public communication.

    CARPHA’s regionally adapted early warning surveillance systems and laboratory networks are already fully activated to monitor the evolving situation and are fully capable of detecting and responding to any imported cases should they arise. Dr. Indar emphasized that the agency remains committed to proactive, accurate information sharing with member states and the public to counter misinformation and strengthen regional situational awareness. CARPHA is also urging the public to maintain basic, effective preventive habits including frequent handwashing, avoiding close contact with unwell individuals, and taking appropriate precautions in areas where rodents may be present—measures that protect against a wide range of infectious diseases beyond hantavirus.

    In closing, CARPHA reiterated its core public messaging: hantavirus is a serious but rare and well-understood disease, the current risk to the Caribbean region remains low, CARPHA’s regional public health systems are fully prepared to detect and respond to any emerging threats, and global health authorities are continuing coordinated monitoring and containment efforts. Dr. Indar noted that this outbreak underscores the critical importance of rapid international coordination, robust contact tracing, and targeted isolation measures to prevent the further spread of rare but potentially deadly pathogens.

  • Born to Be a Nurse. Turns Out, She’s So Much More.

    Born to Be a Nurse. Turns Out, She’s So Much More.

    Kylie Rhamdas’ calling to nursing was not a late-in-life discovery—it took root when she was just five years old, clutching a plastic toy stethoscope and already imagining a future caring for others. By age 22, that childhood dream has become a reality: she just wrapped up her first full year as a Licensed Practical Nurse in the emergency department of Belize’s Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital, a milestone that arrived just as 2026 Nurses Week, a national observance honoring frontline healthcare workers, drew to a close. Looking back on the winding path that brought her to this point, Rhamdas says she would tell her five-year-old self, “We did it.”

    Growing up as a frequent hospital patient managing sickle cell disease only strengthened Rhamdas’ desire to work in healthcare. Those long stays gave her a front-row seat to the compassion and steady care nurses brought to patients in crisis, a memory that stayed with her for decades. “All my life when I was younger, I was always in the hospital,” she recalled. “I used to watch the nurses and think, I want to be a doctor or a nurse.”

    The road to nursing was anything but straightforward. After finishing secondary school, Rhamdas did not enroll immediately in college. Instead, she honed her skills as a photographer while never letting go of her childhood dream. When she eventually enrolled in nursing school, she worked three part-time jobs to cover her costs, relying on income from photography to pay for transportation, meals, and school fees. It was a nursing scholarship that finally made her enrollment possible, after years of planning and saving.

    Even with the scholarship, daily life as a student presented steep challenges. Nursing school was based in Belmopan, while Rhamdas made her home in Belize City—meaning she had to wake up at 4:30 every morning to catch a 6 a.m. bus, just to arrive on time for 8 a.m. classes. “Some days used to be really hard. I don’t know if I want to go to school today, but you have to push yourself,” she said. “If that’s something you like and that you really want, you have to push yourself and motivate yourself to continue.”

    Now one year into her emergency department role, Rhamdas already has her next professional goals in sight: she plans to earn a Bachelor of Science in Nursing before pursuing specialized training in psychiatric care. What many patients do not see when they interact with her in the busy ER, however, is the full, layered life she carries beneath her scrubs. Beyond her reputation for arriving 30 minutes early to every shift, few know she manages her own chronic sickle cell pain through long, demanding shifts, that she worked her way through school as a professional photographer, or that as a new graduate nurse she prayed silently for a critically ill patient to pull through.

    That patient survived after a 16-hour shift where Rhamdas never left her side. Later, the patient thanked her for her care—a small moment Rhamdas returns to again and again on days when she doubts her own work. “When I feel like I’m a bad nurse or I’m not doing as much as I want to do, I would think back to that moment,” she said.

    This unspoken side of nursing is rarely discussed in public: the emotional weight that nurses carry home with them after hard shifts, the self-doubt that comes with working in a high-stakes environment, and the overwhelm that hits new nurses when classroom training cannot fully prepare them for the breakneck pace of an emergency department. Rhamdas openly shares that she cried through her first week in the ER, overwhelmed by self-doubt. “I was like, I don’t think I’m a good nurse. I don’t think I’m getting this. I feel like I’m too slow for this unit,” she recalled. “I used to cry about it, but I got over it. I continued to push myself.”

    A common public misconception, Rhamdas notes, is that nurses are expected to be infallible—when in reality, they are human, just like the patients they care for. “People always expect us to not make mistakes. We’re prone to mistakes. We might not be able to answer all the questions that you have. But we try our best,” she said.

    What carried Rhamdas through her early challenges was a determined mindset, the core childhood memories that reminded her why she chose the field, and a supportive team of colleagues who invested in her growth. That combination earned her the 2026 Adrenaline Ace Award at Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital, an honor that recognizes exceptional performance in the emergency department. “I don’t think that I would have got that award if it weren’t for most of my co-workers there who strengthened me,” she said. “Whether it was teaching me a new skill, correcting me when I was wrong, or just teaching me something new every day.”

    Outside of the hospital walls, Rhamdas still works as a photographer, scheduling photoshoots around her nursing shifts and prioritizing activities that help her manage workplace stress on her days off: traveling, listening to music, and relaxing by the ocean. “Anything to deal with the stress… Just find something that suits you and calms you,” she advised.

    For anyone considering a career in nursing who feels unsure about taking the first step, Rhamdas has clear advice: “Go for it.” “The journey might not always be as easy as you think it is. But push through. And always think about the ending goal,” she said. “When you become a nurse, you might not feel appreciated at first. But you’re going to meet patients who remind you of why you’re a nurse.” She also emphasizes that it is never too late to pursue education: “Schooling has no age. I believe you can go back to school whenever you feel like.”

    At its core, 2026 Nurses Week is about more than just honoring the work of nursing—it is a reminder that the person caring for you at your bedside is navigating a full, complicated, deeply human life of their own. For Rhamdas, that humanity is what makes the work worth it. “We’re always there to help,” she said. “We might not always be perfect. But we’re always there.”

  • CARPHA Says Caribbean Risk Remains Low After Hantavirus Outbreak

    CARPHA Says Caribbean Risk Remains Low After Hantavirus Outbreak

    As global health authorities investigate an international hantavirus outbreak tied to the Dutch-flagged cruise ship MV Hondius that has caused multiple deaths, the Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA) has reaffirmed that the overall risk of transmission across the Caribbean region remains minimal, per official statements released on May 11, 2026.

    During a press briefing held Monday, CARPHA Executive Director Dr. Lisa Indar outlined that the agency is collaborating closely with the World Health Organization (WHO), the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and multiple global health partners to track the outbreak and support ongoing international investigations. As of the May 11 reporting cutoff, health officials have documented eight confirmed and suspected hantavirus cases linked to the vessel, three of which have resulted in fatalities. Passengers and crew members aboard the MV Hondius hail from 28 different countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Philippines, and Netherlands. Multiple infected individuals have already been medically evacuated or repatriated to their home countries, and contact tracing efforts are currently being rolled out across affected nations.

    The outbreak timeline traces back to April 1, 2026, when the cruise ship departed from Argentina. A cluster of unexplained severe respiratory illness was reported among people on board, prompting an official notification to the WHO on May 2. Further genetic testing has linked the outbreak to the Andes strain of hantavirus, the only documented hantavirus variant capable of person-to-person spread – though public health experts emphasize this transmission only occurs in rare circumstances, requiring close, prolonged contact between individuals.

    Dr. Indar clarified key facts about hantavirus to dispel growing public concern: the pathogen is primarily a rodent-borne illness that is endemic to many regions across the globe, but the specific rodent species that carries the Andes strain is not native to any Caribbean territory. This absence of a local reservoir means there is no sustained source of community transmission within the Caribbean, a core factor driving the low-risk assessment.

    Unlike widely circulating respiratory viruses such as COVID-19 and influenza, hantavirus does not transmit easily between humans, Dr. Indar added. “COVID-19 spreads easily between people. Hantavirus does not,” she stated, noting that the probability of large-scale community spread of the pathogen is extremely low. Currently, hantavirus has an incubation period ranging from one to six weeks, and no targeted antiviral treatment or widely approved vaccine exists for the infection. Clinical care for infected patients focuses on supportive interventions, including supplemental oxygen and close intensive care monitoring.

    Immediately after receiving formal notification of the outbreak, CARPHA activated its regional public health surveillance infrastructure. Measures implemented include a regional alert issued on May 5, daily risk monitoring across all member states, and ongoing coordination with local health authorities throughout the Caribbean. Following a joint assessment with the WHO, CDC, and UK health authorities, CARPHA has confirmed that the risk to Caribbean populations remains unchanged at low.

    To help residents protect themselves, CARPHA is urging the general public to maintain routine basic hand and food hygiene, avoid any contact with wild rodent populations, and only rely on official public health updates for accurate information about the outbreak.

  • CARPHA launches Caribbean Mosquito Awareness Week

    CARPHA launches Caribbean Mosquito Awareness Week

    As mosquito-borne illnesses continue to push Caribbean public health systems to their breaking point, the Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA) has launched a urgent regional call to ramp up source reduction efforts, kicking off Caribbean Mosquito Awareness Week 2026 at an opening ceremony in Trinidad on Monday.

    Running from May 11 to 15 under the core theme “Stop Disease Transmission, Start Source Reduction”, this year’s awareness initiative arrives at a pivotal juncture: Caribbean nations are gearing up for the incoming rainy season, a period that reliably brings surging mosquito populations and elevated disease risk.

    CARPHA officials emphasize that the campaign is far more than a public education exercise—it is a foundational step to protect regional public health. Dr. Mark Sami, CARPHA’s Director of Corporate Services, explained that source reduction, the practice of eliminating standing water where mosquitoes breed, stands as one of the most powerful tools to prevent mosquito-borne illness. Even the smallest, most common household items can become dangerous breeding grounds, he noted: a discarded bottle, a used cup, an old tire, a flower pot drainage tray, a clogged gutter or an uncovered water barrel all hold enough standing water to spawn thousands of mosquitoes.

    These illnesses do not only harm individual health—they leave a widespread mark across every sector of Caribbean life. Dr. Sami pointed out that endemic diseases including dengue, chikungunya, Zika and malaria already strain overstretched health systems, disrupt regional economies, hurt the critical tourism sector, force school and workplace closures, and most critically, erode the well-being of Caribbean communities.

    Dr. Horace Cox, Head of Surveillance, Disease Prevention and Control at CARPHA, reinforced that mosquito-borne diseases remain a substantial public health burden both globally and across the Caribbean. While dengue, Zika and chikungunya are all persistent major concerns, Dr. Roshan Parasram, Head of Vector Borne Diseases at CARPHA, flagged chikungunya as a particular pathogen to monitor closely, following large, disruptive outbreaks in Suriname and Cuba earlier this year. At the same time, he noted that dengue remains a constant endemic threat across the entire region.

    A key silver lining for regional action is that all three of these high-concern diseases are spread by the same mosquito vector, meaning targeted source reduction efforts can cut transmission of all three at once. Parasram stressed that as insecticide resistance becomes increasingly widespread across the Caribbean, source reduction has grown even more critical as a long-term, sustainable control strategy. Done correctly, it is the most environmentally friendly, cost-effective and accessible measure available to communities to keep mosquito populations in check, he added, repeating that “source reduction is the key” to successful vector control.

    Beyond grassroots source reduction education, CARPHA is leading a paradigm shift in regional disease preparedness: integrating climate and health data into new early warning systems that can predict dengue surges up to three months in advance. Cox explained that the agency’s technical team is developing new analytical tools that combine historical climate trends, current weather data and local disease surveillance data to forecast upcoming spikes in cases. If public health officials receive a reliable prediction one to three months before a surge is projected to hit, they gain a critical window to pre-deploy resources, run targeted prevention campaigns and intervene early to stop outbreaks from growing.

    This year’s awareness week includes hands-on education activities for nearly 300 primary and secondary school students across Trinidad, including guided tours of insectaries, live source reduction demonstrations, displays of mosquito treatment techniques, training on personal protective measures, and showcases of emerging vector control technologies—from surveillance drones to mobile tracking apps and geographic information systems that map breeding sites.

    To turn a one-week campaign into long-term regional change, CARPHA is expanding its school-focused outreach across the Caribbean through a regional Health Promotion Ambassadors Programme, which engages schools in selected member states. “This is a Caribbean-wide program,” Parasram explained. Participating schools complete structured training programs that measure student learning and help transform school grounds into spaces far less vulnerable to mosquito breeding.

    Dr. Matthew Desaine, Medical Officer at Trinidad and Tobago’s Ministry of Education, highlighted the outsized role schools play in driving long-term public behavior change. “A child who learns why stagnant water must be removed from the environment can take that knowledge home to his parents,” Desaine said. “When our students are engaged in health education, environmental stewardship, and community action, they become the messengers of prevention.”

    Desaine added that the fight against mosquito-borne disease cannot be confined to a single awareness week, a single campaign or a single rainy season—it requires sustained, year-round action from communities and institutions across the region.

    CARPHA reports that the 2026 awareness week is funded through the Pandemic Fund Project, and aligns with the agency’s regional integrated vector management strategy, which aims to cut mosquito breeding habitats and strengthen long-term prevention capacity across the Caribbean. To keep community engagement high after the awareness week concludes, CARPHA is also launching a regional video competition that invites members of the public to share practical, accessible source reduction techniques they use in their own homes and communities.

  • Your Backyard Could Be Making People Sick

    Your Backyard Could Be Making People Sick

    As cases of mosquito-transmitted illnesses climb across the Caribbean region, public health organizations have launched a regional campaign urging residents to tackle mosquito breeding sites starting at home, warning that unaddressed standing water in residential backyards has become a key contributor to the growing public health threat.

    From May 11 to 15, 2026, the Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA), in partnership with the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), is hosting Caribbean Mosquito Awareness Week. This year’s initiative carries the central theme: “Stop Disease Transmission, Start Source Reduction,” shifting focus from information sharing to collective community action.

    Dr. Lisa Indar, Executive Director of CARPHA, emphasized that individual and community action is the foundation of effective mosquito control. “This observance is not just about sharing information; it is about encouraging action. It is about reminding each Caribbean citizen that mosquito control starts at home, in our schools, in our workplaces and in our communities,” Indar explained in her opening remarks for the campaign.

    Public health officials are sounding the alarm over accelerating disease spread across the region. Once-controlled illnesses including dengue, malaria, yellow fever and chikungunya are seeing consistent increases in case counts. CARPHA has specifically flagged the reemergence of yellow fever and chikungunya in South America, noting that the viruses are spreading quickly and pose an immediate cross-border risk to the entire Caribbean basin.

    Experts point to multiple interconnected factors driving the current surge, many of which originate in residential spaces. Stagnant water that accumulates in common backyard items, combined with inadequate regional waste management and shifting climate patterns that extend mosquito breeding seasons, have created near-perfect conditions for mosquito populations to explode in communities across the Caribbean. Standing water that collects in unmaintained containers, clogged gutters, and outdoor gardening supplies is one of the most common unaddressed breeding sites that allow mosquito populations to grow rapidly close to where people live and gather.

    The campaign provides clear, actionable steps that every resident can take to reduce local mosquito populations and protect their households. Key recommendations include sealing all water storage drums and barrels, emptying or disposing of any outdoor containers that can catch rainwater, clearing debris from gutters on a regular schedule, and scrubbing vases and flower pot saucers weekly to remove mosquito eggs. Residents are also advised to use registered insect repellent and wear long, protective clothing when spending time outdoors, and to seek immediate medical care if they develop symptoms of illness after a mosquito bite.

    Indar closed by reinforcing the core message of the week: small, consistent actions taken by individual households add up to large regional change. “Keep mosquitoes away; clean up today,” she urged, noting that collective commitment to source reduction is the most effective way to slow disease transmission and protect Caribbean communities.

  • 18 Cruise Passengers Quarantined in U.S. After Hantavirus Outbreak

    18 Cruise Passengers Quarantined in U.S. After Hantavirus Outbreak

    A multi-state public health monitoring and quarantine operation is underway in the United States, after 18 passengers exposed to a hantavirus outbreak linked to an international cruise ship returned to American soil, according to updates from U.S. public health authorities. As of May 11, 2026, these passengers have been placed under targeted medical observation as officials work to stop further spread of the rare but dangerous pathogen and calm public anxiety over broader community transmission.

    Sixteen of the 18 monitored individuals, which includes at least one person who has already tested positive for hantavirus, are being held at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, one of the nation’s leading facilities for treating and isolating emerging infectious diseases. The remaining two passengers have been transferred to Emory University Hospital in Atlanta for more in-depth clinical evaluation and specialized care.

    Health officials confirmed that all 16 patients in Nebraska currently show no signs of hantavirus infection. However, at least one of the two patients receiving care in Atlanta is already exhibiting hallmark symptoms of the virus. Patients range widely in age, from people in their late 20s to those in their early 80s.

    The outbreak is traced back to the expedition cruise vessel MV Hondius, with the first cases emerging shortly after the ship began its voyage in mid-April 2026. To date, three passengers connected to the outbreak have died, and multiple other people who were aboard the vessel have developed confirmed or suspected infections. The World Health Organization has noted that while hantavirus is most commonly transmitted to humans from rodent excrement, the crowded enclosed environment of the cruise ship may have allowed for limited person-to-person spread of the Andes strain of the virus involved in this outbreak.

    U.S. health leaders have moved quickly to address widespread public concern over the outbreak, emphasizing repeatedly that the overall risk of hantavirus transmission to the general American public remains extremely low. Dr. Brian Christine, a senior official with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, emphasized the low risk in a public statement, noting that the Andes strain requires extended, close intimate contact with an infected symptomatic person to spread between people. Casual contact in public spaces does not pose a meaningful transmission risk, he explained.

    The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed that all U.S.-based passengers who returned home from the MV Hondius are under daily active monitoring by state and local public health departments. Officials have also prepped protocols to immediately isolate any individual who develops hantavirus symptoms while completing their monitoring period at home, to prevent secondary spread.

    Beyond the 18 passengers placed in dedicated medical facilities, an additional nine people across six U.S. states are also undergoing routine monitoring after potential exposure to the virus through their connection to the outbreak, CNN reported. Public health agencies have not released further details about the identities of the exposed individuals to protect patient privacy.

    Hantavirus infections, while rare, can cause severe respiratory and systemic illness with a relatively high mortality rate, which has prompted the proactive, precautionary response from global and U.S. health authorities in this outbreak.

  • Blood Bank fears

    Blood Bank fears

    Three years after an initial audit identified systemic problems at Jamaica’s National Blood Transfusion Service (commonly referred to as the Blood Bank), insiders and labor representatives are sounding the alarm that the dangerous gaps in operations have never been fixed — and have likely grown far worse, putting public health at severe risk.

    A confidential 2023 internal audit conducted by Jamaica’s Ministry of Health and Wellness, obtained exclusively by the Jamaica Observer, lays bare dozens of high-risk failures across every core function of the Kingston-based facility. The audit, which assessed operations between March 2022 and March 2023 as part of the ministry’s routine annual risk-based oversight, examined everything from blood supply planning and donation processing to compliance with Caribbean regional health standards, record-keeping, and inventory management.

    Auditors uncovered a cascade of critical violations that directly threaten patient safety. Among the most alarming findings: 79 blood donors who tested positive for infectious diseases had their results never marked on official processing records, meaning there was no clear tracking of which blood units should have been discarded. In another incident spanning three months in 2022, 995 bags of collected whole blood had no independent review of their processing records, and four contaminated units were only marked “Do not use” in pencil with no formal follow-up.

    More than 900 whole blood units collected during that same period were not tested for pathogens within the mandatory 24-hour window after collection, with delays ranging from one to 10 days. Additional gaps included 1,027 blood request forms missing key details such as the requesting medical officer’s name, signature, registration number, and blood unit expiry date; 25 forms with incorrect laboratory identification numbers; and a poorly maintained inventory system with no evidence of required daily physical counts, leaving 246 daily inventory reports unsubmitted for review.

    Sixty-seven blood units and components were released to clinical settings with no formal request on file, and informal telephone requests for blood were never logged. Form adjustments were made regularly with no documentation of which staff member made the changes. Records also showed a 386-unit discrepancy between the number of blood units logged as released and the number verified as released, with no explanation for the unaccounted for units.

    On the administrative side, 22 out of 25 reviewed standard operating procedures (SOPs) had expired between April 2022 and March 2023. One core SOP for blood collection has remained stuck in draft form since 2018, 10 SOPs were never signed, reviewed, or approved by responsible leadership, and the facility has no active steering committee to guide organizational decision-making. The Blood Bank also failed to adhere to the Caribbean regional requirement that SOPs be reviewed annually, instead following an unscheduled three-year review cycle that violates regional standards.

    Last week, frustrated Blood Bank workers spoke to the Observer on condition of anonymity, with others conveying their concerns through their trade union representative. Insiders said they decided to speak out after years of failed attempts to push leadership to address the gaps, with public frustration boiling over following a recent incident: an infant born with cancer reportedly contracted syphilis via a blood transfusion at Kingston’s Victoria Jubilee Hospital.

    A senior Blood Bank source argued that persistent systemic flaws like those that led to the infant’s infection stem from unqualified personnel being placed in critical roles, particularly in the Quality Control Department. “Because of the lack of experience in the Quality Control Department, the Blood Bank started to struggle. They should have been implementing strong measures to ensure that the system functions at the highest level. What happens is that people are learning on the job,” the source explained.

    The insider called for an independent special audit to assess whether any of the 2023 report’s serious flaws have been fixed, and to trace how many contaminated blood units may have already entered the public supply. “You may come to now find that by going back through all the documentation that you have more than one positive unit of blood that may have left the Blood Bank, and we need to find out how widespread the problem is,” the source added. “Somebody needs to be held accountable.”

    Multiple attempts by the Observer to get official comment from Blood Bank leadership and Health and Wellness Minister Dr Christopher Tufton were unsuccessful. Tufton is scheduled to deliver his 2026/27 Sectoral Debate address to Jamaica’s House of Representatives the day after the Observer’s reporting.

    St Patrice Ennis, general secretary of the Union of Technical, Administrative & Supervisory Personnel (UTASP), which represents Blood Bank employees, told the Observer that staff warnings about operational failures have been ignored for years. “For a prolonged period various members of staff have written complaints and expressed concerns about the operating procedures at the Blood Bank and had warned about the potential for the occurrence of this kind of situation,” Ennis said, referencing the infant’s syphilis infection.

    Ennis said he is outraged by the incident, noting that no official has yet given public assurance that current blood testing and distribution processes are free of dangerous flaws. “While we may know of this incident, we can’t say with certainty that this is isolated. They [staff members] expressed that the procedures were not being followed and the warnings for the potential of such occurrence were ignored. These problems are solvable problems, and that is what makes it frustrating and makes one feel angry. These are problems that can be solved and not at any great expense,” Ennis said.

    “We know what is to be done and it is just to hold people accountable. Until we start to do that we are going to have recurrences of problems and we are going to seem alarmed only when it reaches the public domain. We are not even sure if after that case which we are talking about, if proper measures have been put in place to correct it. This can affect any one of us,” he added.

  • Public Health confirms protocols were followed after cruise ship outbreak

    Public Health confirms protocols were followed after cruise ship outbreak

    On a recent voyage that ended with a docking in Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic, more than 100 passengers and crew members aboard the Caribbean Princess cruise ship were infected by a norovirus outbreak, prompting a rapid response from local public health officials. Dominican health minister Víctor Atallah has moved to reassure the Dominican public that there is no cause for widespread alarm, noting that all necessary protective measures have been fully implemented to contain the spread of the virus. When the Caribbean Princess arrived at the Puerto Plata port, Dominican health authorities immediately launched their pre-established outbreak response protocols, conducting thorough health screenings and vessel inspections to limit any potential risk to local communities. The cruise ship departed Dominican territorial waters at 5:00 p.m. local time on the Friday following its arrival, with just 37 affected passengers remaining in isolated on-board care and choosing not to disembark on the island. During the ship’s stopover, public health teams closely monitored the condition of all infected people on board, who were restricted to their individual cabins and provided with specialized medical attention and adjusted dietary plans to support their recovery. Atallah confirmed that the norovirus outbreak first emerged on April 28, weeks before the cruise’s arrival in Dominican territory. By the time the vessel docked in Puerto Plata, the vast majority of the more than 120 confirmed cases had already shown clear signs of improvement. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had previously verified the outbreak on board the Caribbean Princess. Norovirus is a highly contagious gastrointestinal pathogen best known for causing severe vomiting and diarrhea, and it spreads particularly rapidly in dense, enclosed shared environments — a risk profile that makes large passenger vessels like cruise ships especially vulnerable to widespread outbreaks.

  • WHO chief says ‘work not over’ after hantavirus evacuation

    WHO chief says ‘work not over’ after hantavirus evacuation

    MADRID, SPAIN – In the wake of a fatal hantavirus outbreak aboard the cruise vessel MV Hondius that prompted a full evacuation of passengers and crew, World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has emphasized that the global public health threat remains low, even as vigilance must be maintained to contain the rare virus. The incident, which has claimed three lives and left one French passenger in critical condition, has triggered international public health coordination, alongside diplomatic negotiations over repatriation and care for those exposed. As of this week, health authorities are working to prevent further spread, while stressing that the outbreak does not mirror the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Three passengers have now died from the Andes variant of hantavirus, the only strain confirmed to transmit between humans. There are currently no licensed vaccines or targeted antiviral treatments for the pathogen, making monitoring and quarantine the primary public health interventions. As of Tuesday, an AFP compilation of official data places the total number of confirmed cases at seven, with one additional probable case, all among the ship’s passengers and crew. Exposed individuals hold citizenship from six nations: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Switzerland and the Netherlands.

    One French national over the age of 65 with pre-existing underlying health conditions remains in intensive care on mechanical ventilation, according to Dr. Xavier Lescure, speaking at a French health ministry press conference. The patient is classified as having a severe case of the rare disease, Lescure confirmed, without providing further personal or clinical details.

    The full-scale evacuation of more than 120 passengers and crew from the MV Hondius was carried out over Sunday and Monday off Spain’s Canary Islands, after the vessel was denied entry to Cape Verde. It had previously anchored off Cape Verde’s capital Praia, where three infected people were airlifted to Europe for emergency care last week. After Spain agreed to allow the ship to anchor for evacuation, the regional government of the Canary Islands publicly and strongly opposed the decision, creating tension between national and regional authorities.

    In a joint press conference with Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez held in Madrid Tuesday, following the completion of evacuation operations, Tedros pushed back against comparisons to the emergence of COVID-19. “There is no sign that we are seeing the start of a larger outbreak,” he stated, though he cautioned that vigilance is far from over. “But of course the situation could change, and given the long incubation period of the virus, it’s possible we might see more cases in the coming weeks.”

    All repatriated individuals are following public health protocols aligned with WHO guidance, which call for a 42-day quarantine period and continuous monitoring for high-risk contacts – a timeline matched to hantavirus’ maximum six-week incubation period. The Netherlands, which received 26 evacuees on the first repatriation flight Sunday, reported all passengers tested negative for the virus after thorough medical screenings. All 26 are still required to complete quarantine, per public health rules, and two subsequent flights carrying an additional 28 evacuees have also arrived in the country, with all passengers entering isolation.

    Tedros noted that while the WHO encourages all nations to adopt the organization’s recommended guidelines, individual countries retain the authority to set their own public health measures. Speaking at a summit in Nairobi, Kenya Tuesday, French President Emmanuel Macron said his country has the situation fully under control, and called for strengthened coordinated action between European nations and the WHO to manage the outbreak.

    The incident created unexpected diplomatic friction, as nations negotiated over responsibility for receiving the vessel and caring for exposed passengers and crew. In his remarks, Sanchez defended Spain’s decision to allow the evacuation off the Canary Islands, framing the choice as an act of global solidarity. “The world does not need more selfishness or more fear. What it needs are countries that show solidarity and want to step forward,” he said.

    After the full evacuation was completed, the MV Hondius departed Tenerife Monday with only a minimal skeleton crew on board. It is scheduled to arrive in the Netherlands this Sunday, where it will undergo full disinfection protocols.

    Hantavirus is naturally transmitted through contact with the urine, feces, and saliva of infected rodents. The Andes variant is endemic to parts of South America, including Argentina, where the MV Hondius departed on its transatlantic cruise bound for Cape Verde on April 1.

  • Regional countries urged to expand the role of nursing to strengthen health systems

    Regional countries urged to expand the role of nursing to strengthen health systems

    On the occasion of International Nurses Day, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) issued a clear call this Tuesday from Washington D.C., urging Caribbean nations to implement bold, targeted measures to reinforce and scale up advanced practice nursing across the region. PAHO officials frame this move as a foundational strategy to expand access to critical health services and build more resilient, community-focused health systems that better serve population needs.

    Across the Americas, including the Caribbean, nurses make up the single largest segment of the regional health workforce, totaling nearly 7.4 million practicing professionals. These frontline workers carry core responsibilities across every area of public health: from proactive health promotion and disease prevention to long-term management of chronic conditions, and ongoing support for vulnerable communities. Their work is particularly vital in rural and remote regions, where access to physician care is often extremely limited.

    Dr. Jarbas Barbosa, PAHO’s director, emphasized that advancing the role of advanced practice nursing requires four interconnected actions: integrating these professionals more deeply into primary health care systems, embedding innovative digital tools into nursing practice, expanding nursing education opportunities, and increasing nurse representation in public health policy development. All of these steps, he noted, are critical to boosting the accessibility, quality, and long-term sustainability of health care across the region.

    Advanced practice nurses are defined by PAHO as highly trained specialists with the qualifications to take on expanded, autonomous clinical responsibilities. This includes full scope of work from patient assessment, diagnosis, and treatment to ongoing monitoring of both individual and community health outcomes. Globally, more than 100 countries have already adopted these expanded nursing roles, with the United States and Canada operating long-standing, successful advanced practice nursing models. Several Latin American nations have already begun rolling out updated regulatory frameworks, specialized training programs, and new person-centered care models, but much of the Caribbean still has progress to make.

    Extensive global evidence, PAHO reports, confirms that when advanced practice nurses receive sufficient autonomy and institutional support, they directly improve population access to care, strengthen continuity of treatment for patients with chronic conditions, and boost overall patient satisfaction through a more compassionate, individual-centered approach to care delivery.

    Despite these proven benefits, widespread adoption of advanced practice nursing in the Caribbean still faces notable barriers. Outdated regulatory frameworks that restrict nursing scope of practice, a persistent shortage of specialized advanced nursing training programs, and systemic resistance to shifting traditional models of health care delivery all slow progress toward expansion.

    To address these challenges, PAHO has launched targeted regional support initiatives, working directly with national governments to update health workforce planning, foster collaborative interprofessional health care teams, and develop modern, person-centered regulatory frameworks that accommodate expanded nursing roles.

    In closing, PAHO reaffirmed that expanding advanced practice nursing is not just a measure to improve health system efficiency—it is a strategic, once-in-a-generation opportunity to move the region closer to universal health coverage, while building health systems that are more responsive to the actual evolving health needs of populations across the Americas.