标签： Suriname

European Union leaders reached a landmark agreement Friday to provide Ukraine with a massive €90 billion ($106 billion) interest-free loan to address the country’s military and economic needs through 2027. The decision came after marathon negotiations that exposed deep divisions within the bloc regarding the use of frozen Russian assets.

The agreement, announced by EU Council President António Costa via social media, represents a critical financial lifeline for Ukraine as it approaches potential bankruptcy by spring 2025. The International Monetary Fund estimates Ukraine will require €137 billion ($161 billion) during 2026-2027 to sustain its defense efforts and maintain government operations.

Originally, EU officials had contemplated utilizing approximately €210 billion ($246 billion) in Russian central bank assets frozen primarily in Belgium. However, this proposal encountered staunch opposition from Belgian Prime Minister Bart De Wever, who characterized the plan as legally precarious and potentially damaging to Euroclear, the Brussels-based financial clearinghouse holding €193 billion ($226 billion) in frozen Russian funds.

The negotiations stretched late into Thursday night as leaders attempted to reassure Belgium about protection from Russian retaliation. When talks reached an impasse, the EU ultimately opted to raise the funds through capital markets rather than risk setting what De Wever described as a “dangerous global precedent for legal certainty.”

Hungary, Slovakia, and Czech Republic opposed the aid package but ultimately agreed not to block it in exchange for financial protection guarantees. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, who maintains close ties with Russian President Vladimir Putin, declared that “giving money means war” and dismissed the rejected asset-seizure plan as a “dead end.”

French President Emmanuel Macron praised the agreement as a “significant step forward,” while German Chancellor Friedrich Merz confirmed that the frozen Russian assets would remain blocked until Russia pays war reparations to Ukraine—estimated by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at over €600 billion ($700 billion). Merz emphasized that the EU reserves the right to utilize immobilized Russian funds for loan repayment if Russia fails to provide compensation.

The decision came amid intense protests by European farmers angry about a proposed trade deal with South American nations, creating a tumultuous backdrop for the Brussels summit that Ukrainian President Zelenskyy attended to personally advocate for urgent financial support.

Bangladesh faces escalating political turmoil following the tragic death of prominent youth activist Sharif Osman Hadi, whose passing has triggered widespread violence and raised concerns about national stability ahead of February’s critical elections.

Hadi, the 32-year-old spokesperson for the Inquilab Mancha student movement, succumbed to injuries in a Singapore hospital after being shot in the head during his campaign launch in Dhaka last week. His six-day intensive care battle ended tragically, sparking immediate outrage across the nation.

The capital city Dhaka and other major urban centers have witnessed violent demonstrations, with protesters attacking and setting fire to offices of major publications including Prothom Alo and The Daily Star. The interim government led by Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus has declared Saturday a national day of mourning while appealing for calm and promising a transparent investigation into the shooting.

Complicating the situation, anti-India sentiments have emerged among demonstrators who believe the perpetrators fled to neighboring India. This development has triggered diplomatic tensions, with India summoning Bangladesh’s ambassador to discuss security concerns for its diplomatic mission in Dhaka.

The political landscape has been further destabilized by the exclusion of the Awami League—the party of ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina—from the February 12 elections. Security forces have heightened vigilance nationwide as protests continue, creating an atmosphere of uncertainty during this critical pre-election period.

In an unprecedented move signaling governmental transparency, Suriname’s Council of State presented its inaugural written accountability report to President Jennifer Simons during Thursday’s year-end assembly. The comprehensive document chronicles the Council’s operational transformation from August through December 2025, marking a significant departure from traditional practices within this highest advisory body.

The report meticulously details the Council’s initial operational challenges upon assumption of duties, implemented corrective measures, and current operational status. Vice Chairman Amzad Abdoel revealed to StarNews that a preliminary assessment exposed critical staffing deficiencies that hampered the Council’s ability to fulfill presidential mandates. The institution lacked essential financial management personnel, operated with an understaffed secretariat, and had inadequate cleaning facilities.

Within existing budgetary constraints, the Council initiated strategic personnel reinforcement without burdening public finances. Operational workflows underwent significant optimization, resulting in enhanced efficiency. Financial management systems underwent comprehensive restructuring, with all monthly financial reports from January through September completed and submitted to the presidency. Budget utilization is now systematically monitored, outstanding payments have been reconciled, and resource allocation strategies have been optimized.

Administrative procedures have been rigorously streamlined, with correspondence to the Council now addressed within three working days. The advisory body has processed one draft law, five draft state decrees, and one legislative proposal within the four-month period, with seven new initiative proposals currently under consideration.

The Council is actively developing enhanced public accountability mechanisms, including plans for citizens to monitor proceedings online through collaboration with the E-Government Directorate. For 2026, the institution has formulated an ambitious operational plan focusing on procedural documentation, facility renovation, legislative revision, and the potential establishment of an internal audit department to further strengthen transparency frameworks.

Abdoel emphasized the report’s significance in demonstrating the Council’s transformation journey: “As a High College of State, we aim to exemplify transparency and accountability. With presidential support, we’re making substantial progress toward this objective.”

The European Union has postponed the signing of a landmark free trade agreement with South American nations following intense farmer protests and last-minute opposition from France and Italy. The EU-Mercosur pact, which would create one of the world’s largest free trade zones covering 780 million people and a quarter of global GDP, now faces uncertain prospects after 26 years of negotiations.

EU officials had anticipated finalizing the agreement this weekend in Brazil, but Commission spokeswoman Paula Pinho confirmed the delay until January. The decision emerged during emergency talks between European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, European Council President Antonio Costa, and Italian Prime Minister Giorga Meloni, with Italy’s conditional support secured for January’s vote.

The postponement came hours after dramatic scenes unfolded in Brussels where hundreds of farmers from across Europe staged violent protests. Agricultural workers blocked streets with tractors, launched fireworks, and burned tires along with a symbolic coffin labeled “Agriculture.” Police responded with tear gas and water cannons as protesters threw potatoes and eggs, leading to the evacuation of European Parliament staff.

French President Emmanuel Macron emerged as the agreement’s most prominent critic, citing concerns about unfair competition for European farmers already struggling with high production costs and animal disease outbreaks. Macron’s centrist government, wary of growing far-right opposition, demands stronger safeguards including rigorous import inspections, pesticide restrictions in Mercosur countries, and mechanisms to prevent economic disruption.

Italian Premier Meloni called any immediate signing “premature,” insisting on adequate mutual guarantees for Italy’s agricultural sector. This opposition potentially gives France sufficient votes to veto the agreement, which requires support from two-thirds of EU members.

Proponents argue the pact represents a crucial geopolitical move that would counter Chinese influence in Latin America and provide alternatives to U.S. trade restrictions. German Chancellor Friedrich Merz warned that further delays would damage EU credibility in global trade policy. Agathe Demarais of the European Council on Foreign Relations noted the agreement’s strategic importance in preventing Latin American economies from moving closer to Beijing.

In South America, Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva expressed frustration over the delay, which undermines what he hoped would be a major diplomatic achievement ahead of next year’s elections. Both Lula and Argentina’s libertarian President Javier Milei remain committed to the agreement despite their political differences, viewing Mercosur as a spear rather than a shield in global trade relations.

Suriname’s National Assembly witnessed a dramatic clash of perspectives on Thursday as Attorney General Garcia Paragsingh delivered stern criticism of proposed judicial reforms while Court President Iwan Rasoelbaks advocated for cautious implementation with clear preconditions.

The contentious legislation, aimed at fundamentally restructuring the judicial system, faced its most vigorous opposition from Paragsingh during hearings before the parliamentary committee preparing the bills for public debate. The Attorney General expressed particular concern about proposals to establish a college of attorneys general, questioning whether the initiative adequately identified specific problems it intended to solve.

Paragsingh emphasized that any comprehensive restructuring must first clearly define deficiencies within the current prosecution framework. She argued that the existing system has proven its practical value, with no compelling evidence demonstrating the necessity for its replacement by a college of two to four attorneys general. The prosecutor further warned that such a model raises serious questions about appointment procedures, internal relationships, and most critically, the potential compromise of the Public Prosecutor’s Office independence.

Drawing comparative analysis, Paragsingh referenced the Netherlands’ college system but emphasized fundamental contextual differences. While the Netherlands operates multiple prosecutor’s offices, courts, and appellate courts on a much larger scale, Suriname maintains only one prosecutor’s office with relatively limited organizational capacity, making direct implementation of the Dutch model impractical.

The Attorney General also addressed case delay concerns, asserting that prosecution apparatus cannot be held responsible for courtroom delays once cases reach trial stages. She identified capacity constraints and expertise shortages within investigative services, coupled with practical resource limitations, as primary causes for pretrial delays. Paragsingh advocated for strengthening the entire judicial chain, particularly police capabilities, rather than creating multiple attorney general positions.

In contrasting testimony, Court President Rasoelbaks expressed support for introducing cassation (supreme judicial review) as a third legal instance but emphasized its exclusive purpose should be reviewing proper legal application rather than reassessing facts. The judiciary leader highlighted Suriname’s regional落后 in implementing cassation while acknowledging the need for additional citizen legal protections.

Rasoelbaks cautioned about experienced judge shortages, warning that establishing a cassation body could trigger expertise drainage from the Court itself. He proposed utilizing specialized ad-hoc judges for specific legal domains such as environmental, administrative, or tax law, potentially requiring constitutional revisions regarding nationality and residency requirements.

Initiatiefnemer Ebu Jones defended the proposed reforms as measures to enhance judicial effectiveness and efficiency. He argued that an attorneys general college could improve priority coordination within prosecution services and establish internal guidelines, including public prosecution policy rules that would promote uniformity in sentencing recommendations for similar cases.

Committee Chairman Rabin Parmessar stated the proposed laws aim to establish improved checks and balances. Both officials suggested Paragsingh had prematurely expressed public criticism before formal parliamentary procedures, noting that initiative laws typically undergo committee review and stakeholder consultation before media discussion.

The comprehensive dialogue also addressed general prosecution policy frameworks residing with the government, with participants emphasizing the necessity for clear policy guidelines to promote uniformity. Paragsingh noted the Public Prosecutor’s Office has already developed publicly accessible guidelines regarding containment policy and sentencing recommendations.

A coalition-led legislative initiative in Suriname has reignited the decades-long debate over the nation’s controversial ‘gag laws’ – articles within the Criminal Code that critics argue systematically suppress freedom of expression. The proposed bill, aimed at abolishing these provisions, has received formal endorsement from the Surinamese Association of Journalists, an organization that has petitioned successive governments for reform since the 1990s.

Despite surface-level political consensus, deep-seated skepticism permeates civil society. The fundamental issue transcends mere legal technicalities: Suriname’s constitutional framework and international commitments already provide robust protections for free speech. The nation has voluntarily bound itself to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the American Convention on Human Rights, and OAS human rights treaties. Yet implementation remains persistently inadequate.

The administration of President Chan Santokhi—who once positioned himself as a champion of rule of law—has paradoxically intensified the application of these restrictive articles. Documented cases reveal citizens facing arrest for critical remarks, detained without preliminary judicial review, and released days later without formal charges. This pattern creates a chilling effect that normalizes self-censorship, precisely the laws’ intended function.

These gag provisions demonstrate selective enforcement: while citizen disputes rarely trigger legal action, criticism targeting politicians, authorities, or foreign dignitaries promptly activates police intervention. This dichotomy reveals the laws’ true purpose—not societal protection, but power preservation.

The current legislative effort demands measured scrutiny. Surinamese society has witnessed numerous failed reform attempts where political promises evaporated when confronted with practical implementation. Meaningful reform requires complete elimination without loopholes or replacement clauses that maintain the status quo.

The core challenge remains political will rather than legal awareness. As the bill moves toward parliamentary consideration—requiring 51 votes for passage—civil society maintains vigilant skepticism. True progress will be measured not by rhetorical support but by concrete legislative action that transforms constitutional principles into lived reality for every Surinamese citizen.