分类: sports

  • Caribbean Challenge youth football to kick off this weekend

    Caribbean Challenge youth football to kick off this weekend

    Ahead of the tournament’s official opening kickoff this weekend, the third iteration of the Caribbean Challenge Series youth football tournament was formally launched Thursday at the Saint Lucia Football Association headquarters in Saint Lucia. Hosted across two venues in the coastal town of Gros Islet — the Corinth Playing Field and Francis Baba Lastic Grounds — the 10-day competition will run from August 8 to 17, bringing young talent from across the Caribbean together under the unifying, purpose-driven theme “Kick Out Crime and Violence”.

    Eighteen youth squads hailing from 12 different clubs will compete across three age-based divisions, marking another milestone for the regional youth football initiative. Unlike most tournaments focused solely on on-pitch results, this series was built from the ground up to combine athletic competition with community impact: its core mission is to gather emerging young athletes from across the Caribbean region to grow their skills, build cross-island connections, and lead a grassroots push for peace across island communities.

    In a notable departure from initial turnout expectations, only one international team will compete in this year’s edition: Barbados’ National Sports Council Under-14 squad. Gros Islet Football League President Shayne Paul openly shared his disappointment that the tournament did not attract a larger pool of regional participants this cycle. He explained that a confluence of regional events created steep travel barriers for many teams, noting that the tournament falls during peak summer travel season, overlapping with the Caribbean Premier League (CPL) cricket season, and comes just after major regional cultural events including Carnival and Jazz festivals that draw crowds and disrupt travel planning across the islands.

    Despite the lower-than-expected international turnout, Paul emphasized that the event organizers remain deeply grateful for the commitment of the Barbadian delegation, noting that the National Sports Council took out a formal loan just to cover travel costs and get their young players to Saint Lucia to compete.

    The official launch event was well attended by key stakeholders, including club leaders, participating coaches and players, and representatives from the tournament’s two major sponsors: 1st National Bank and the National Lotteries Authority (NLA). Paul opened the event by urging all coaches, players, and supporting family members to uphold strict standards of discipline throughout the tournament, aligning with the competition’s mission to build community through sport.

    Paul stressed that the Caribbean Challenge Series approaches youth crime prevention through a community-centered, non-punitive framework. “We aren’t fighting crime with search warrants, roadblocks and force here. We’re opening an avenue, going the softer side, giving these kids a real path,” he explained, adding that the tournament is designed to create a safe, inclusive space for young people to build skills and connect with positive opportunities, rather than turning to lives of crime and violence.

    Iva Satney, General Manager of the National Lotteries Authority, echoed these remarks in her address on behalf of the tournament’s sponsor, reaffirming the NLA’s commitment to using sport as a vehicle for holistic youth development across Saint Lucia. “At the NLA, we believe every young person deserves the opportunity to dream, to grow, and to succeed,” Satney said. “Sport teaches discipline, respect, teamwork, resilience, and hope. Every child who steps onto a football field instead of the streets is a victory for our nation and our region. To every player participating: know that this tournament is about more than the scoreline. It’s about character.”

    Organizers also noted a promising sign of the tournament’s growing impact: a large share of this year’s participants are returning competitors who took part in the 2025 series, creating continuity that allows coaches to track long-term player development and lift the overall competitive quality of the event. Looking ahead, tournament officials have shared ambitious expansion plans. If the 2026 edition meets its core goals for participation, community impact, and organizational success, the Caribbean Challenge Series will adopt a rotating host model starting in 2027, moving the tournament to a different Caribbean island to deepen regional football integration and expand the initiative’s peace-building reach across the region.

  • CPL to support regional students ahead of new school year

    CPL to support regional students ahead of new school year

    As thousands of Caribbean children prepare to return to their classrooms for a new academic year, the Caribbean Premier League (CPL) is launching a multi-stop community outreach program that blends cricket, mentorship, and practical support to empower young people across the region. Over the coming weeks, the Daren Sammy Cricket Ground (DSCG) in Saint Lucia will serve as a key hub for the league’s signature Republic Bank SchoolYard initiative, which brings professional cricketers face-to-face with more than 50 participating local students.

    The first round of in-person activities kicks off on August 17, with simultaneous events running at two major cricket venues: DSCG and Jamaica’s iconic Sabina Park. At these kickoff gatherings, participating students will join franchise CPL players for a day of energetic, interactive games designed to build connection and teamwork. After the activities wrap up, every child will receive a full set of school supplies to support their studies throughout the upcoming year.

    Following the opening events in Saint Lucia and Jamaica, the initiative will travel onward to two more Caribbean nations: Guyana and Barbados, where it will shift to a ‘Take a Player to School’ campaign format. During this phase of the program, professional cricketers will make on-site visits to local schools across both territories, allowing them to engage directly with student bodies in everyday learning environments. Beyond casual meet-and-greets, players will share personal accounts of their own journeys, from sitting in Caribbean classrooms as aspiring young athletes to building successful careers as international professional cricketers.

    Christine Charles, Chief Marketing Officer for CPL, explained that the off-field initiative is designed to highlight the transformative power of cricket beyond international competition. “CPL SchoolYard is about more than cricket. It’s about showing young people across the Caribbean that the players they cheer for started out exactly where they are now, in a classroom, with a dream,” Charles said.

    She added that the league takes particular pride in both the practical and inspirational impact of the program: “We’re proud to help send children back to school with everything they need, and even prouder to watch our players give their time to inspire the next generation.”

  • “Sharm was pure class”: Former coach honours late Saint Lucia U-15 skipper

    “Sharm was pure class”: Former coach honours late Saint Lucia U-15 skipper

    Across every corner of global sport, few bonds carry as much lasting weight as the connection between an athlete and the coach that guides them. For Bryan Calixte, former head coach of Saint Lucia’s inaugural men’s Under-15 cricket squad, that bond with his late captain Sharm Pierre remains one of the most meaningful chapters of his decades-long involvement with the game. Pierre, who made history as the first skipper of Saint Lucia’s first ever Under-15 national side, passed away recently at the age of 45 following a short illness. In an emotional interview with local publication the St. Lucia Times, Calixte opened up about his memories of the trailblazing top-order batsman and the mark he left on Caribbean cricket.

    “There are moments that stick with a coach forever, moments that remind you exactly why we pour so much time and energy into this incredible sport,” Calixte reflected. “For me, leading Saint Lucia’s first ever Under-15 cricket team is one of those defining experiences. And at the heart of that historic milestone was our captain, Sharm Pierre. When I heard the news of his passing at just 45, it hit hard. It brought a huge wave of sadness, but also an outpouring of all the proud memories I carry of that time and of him.”

    When that first groundbreaking team came together decades ago, the squad was chasing more than just tournament success. Their mission was to cement Saint Lucia’s place as a serious competitor on the regional cricket stage, a goal that demanded far more than raw playing talent. It required a young leader capable of carrying the entire island’s hopes and expectations on their shoulders. As Calixte recalled, that leader was Sharm Pierre.

    While Calixte was quick to praise Pierre’s natural skill as a player, he stressed that it was the captain’s intangible character traits and steady leadership that made him irreplaceable to that historic side.

    “As a batsman, Sharm was pure class,” Calixte said. “He was an elegant, technically gifted top-order batter who played with a level of maturity that most young players his age could only dream of. Every time he walked out to the middle, his calm presence gave the entire dressing room confidence and a sense of security that we could compete with anyone.”

    “But it was his captaincy that truly set him apart and carved his name into Saint Lucian cricket history forever,” Calixte added. Pierre made history not just as Saint Lucia’s first Under-15 captain, but also as the first Saint Lucian to lead the Windward Islands Under-15 squad as well. For his coach, watching Pierre lead his peers was a masterclass in quiet, effective leadership. He never relied on loud outbursts or empty boasting to command respect; instead, he was a grounded, gentle leader who led by example, earning respect naturally from everyone around him.

    What makes Pierre’s leadership even more notable is the group of young talents he captained, a group that would go on to become legends of Caribbean and international cricket. During his time leading Saint Lucia’s Under-15 side, Pierre was skipper to Daren Sammy, who would go on to lead the West Indies to two T20 World Cup titles and now serves as the men’s West Indies national head coach, as well as Garey Mathurin, a former West Indies international who now leads the Saint Lucia senior national team. When Pierre captained the Windward Islands Under-15 squad, he also led Devon Smith, who went on to become a star opening batsman for the West Indies at the international level.

    “Even surrounded by all these future superstars, Sharm was the anchor that held everyone together,” Calixte said. “He managed all those big personalities with incredible grace, earning the fierce loyalty of his teammates and the deep admiration of every family watching from the stands. He proved to the entire Caribbean region that Saint Lucia doesn’t just produce world-class cricketers – we produce world-class leaders.”

    Closing out his tribute, Calixte offered a final, heartfelt goodbye to the captain that shaped one of the most defining moments of his coaching career: “Thank you, Sharm, for your service, your brilliant leadership, and for making me proud to be your coach. It was an absolute honor. Rest in eternal peace, Captain.”

  • Barbadian trio advances to World Under-20 semis

    Barbadian trio advances to World Under-20 semis

    As the 2024 World Under-20 Athletics Championships entered another day of competition in Oregon on Thursday, three track and field athletes from Barbados delivered standout performances to secure their places in the semifinal rounds of their respective events. Leading the charge for the Caribbean nation was Shamari Greenidge-Lewis, a decorated gold medalist from the CARIFTA Games. Competing in the men’s 400-meter sprint preliminary heats, Greenidge-Lewis crossed the finish line with a time of 46.34 seconds, securing a second-place finish in his heat that punched his automatic ticket to the next round.

    Fellow Barbadian sprinter Kadia Rock also maintained her impressive form throughout the 2024 season in the women’s 400-meter event. Drawing a spot in the sixth preliminary heat, Rock recorded a time of 53.32 seconds to finish fourth in her heat. While she did not claim an automatic qualification spot with her top-three finish, her result was fast enough to rank among the fastest non-automatic qualifiers, earning her a place in the upcoming semifinals.

    Rounding out the trio of advancing Barbadian athletes was Rashad Gibson, who competed in the men’s 400-meter hurdles. Slotted into the eighth preliminary heat, Gibson put together a consistent run, clocking 51.74 seconds to finish third in his heat, a result that secured his qualification for the semifinals.

    The solid showing from Thursday’s competitors comes on the heels of a solid effort from another young Barbadian athlete on the opening day of competition. In Wednesday’s evening session, Jayden Walcott competed in the final of the men’s shot put, ultimately finishing sixth overall with a best throw of 19.27 meters in his first major global championship appearance.

  • Broki verliest debuut in Concacaf Caribbean Cup tegen Club Sando FC

    Broki verliest debuut in Concacaf Caribbean Cup tegen Club Sando FC

    Fresh off claiming the Suriname Major League (SML) championship title, Suriname’s SV Broki kicked off its 2026 Concacaf Caribbean Cup campaign with a narrow 2-1 defeat to Trinidadian side Club Sando FC on the opening matchday of the group stage. The match delivered a tense back-and-forth battle between the two regional sides, with the result ultimately swinging in Club Sando FC’s favor after a second-half breakthrough.

    SV Broki got off to a promising start, taking the lead in the 34th minute courtesy of a well-crafted attacking move. Forward Shaquille Cairo slotted home to put the Surinamese champions ahead 1-0, after winger Franklin Singodikromo played in a pinpoint, precise assist that split Club Sando FC’s defensive line.

    The tide turned just before halftime, however, when the referee awarded Club Sando FC a penalty after a deflection accidentally struck SV Broki defender A. Blijd on the hand inside the 18-yard box. Midfielder L. Phillips made no mistake from the spot, converting the penalty to level the scoreline at 1-1 going into the halftime break. Both teams entered the break evenly matched, splitting possession at an identical 50% each over the first 45 minutes.

    The second half maintained the same competitive dynamic as the first. Club Sando FC adopted a direct approach, playing long balls to stretch SV Broki’s backline and repeatedly put the Suriname side’s defense under pressure. In the 65th minute, that pressure paid off: SV Broki goalkeeper F. Alves failed to clear a long cross decisively, and Club Sando FC’s S. Henry pounced on the loose ball, guiding a header into the back of the net to put his side ahead 2-1. That proved to be the decisive winning goal, with no further scoring from either side for the remainder of regulation time.

    With three points secured from their opening fixture, Club Sando FC got their group stage campaign off to a strong start, while SV Broki will look to bounce back in their upcoming three group matches. SV Broki’s next fixture is scheduled for August 20, when the side will face Defence Force on the opponent’s home ground in Trinidad and Tobago. Following that away trip, SV Broki will play two consecutive home matches at Paramaribo’s Essed Stadion: the first against Dominican Republic side Delfines del Este on September 2, and the second against Haiti’s Violette AC on September 9.

    In other opening matchday results from the group, Dominican Republic’s Salcedo FC claimed a 2-1 upset win over Jamaica’s Portmore United FC, while Haiti’s Violette AC shut out Defence Force 3-0 to kick off their campaign with three points. Only the top two finishing teams from the group will advance to the next round of the Concacaf Caribbean Cup, making every remaining fixture critical for all sides competing for progression.

  • New draw for Barbados Road Tennis Open

    New draw for Barbados Road Tennis Open

    Organizers of one of Barbados’ most anticipated annual sporting events, the Barbados Road Tennis Open (BRTO), have made a last-minute administrative correction that has reshaped the lead-up to this year’s tournament. In an official statement released this week, the BRTO planning committee confirmed that the official competition draw finalized on Wednesday, August 5, has been fully invalidated after a critical technical glitch was uncovered by tournament staff.

    The error, which occurred during the manual entry of player registration data into the event’s digital seeding system, led to multiple competitors being incorrectly seeded in the initial draw that was revealed at the official tournament launch. Shawn Burke, chairman of the BRTO Planning Committee, explained that after a full review of the issue, organizers agreed that holding a new draw was the only fair outcome for all participating athletes and stakeholders. “This mistake was an unavoidable human error during data input, but we owe it to every registered player to get the tournament structure right from the start,” Burke noted in a press comment.

    A new, corrected draw will now be conducted on Friday, August 7, at the Haggatt Hall headquarters of the Barbados Ministry of Sports and Community Empowerment. Burke emphasized that only athletes who successfully completed their registration by the strict July 31 deadline will be included in the revised seeding process, maintaining the tournament’s original eligibility rules.

    For the 2025 edition of the open, Shakeem Nurse enters as the defending men’s singles champion, while Sheldene Walrond returns to defend her women’s singles title, a position she claimed at last year’s event. Burke extended a formal apology to all players, fans, and partners for the inconvenience caused by the error, noting that the committee has added extra verification steps to the new draw process to prevent a repeat of the issue.

  • CPL SchoolYard launches with back-to-school initiatives across the region

    CPL SchoolYard launches with back-to-school initiatives across the region

    As students across the Caribbean prepare to head back to their classrooms for a new academic year, the Republic Bank Caribbean Premier League (CPL) has announced a new multi-phase community outreach program called CPL SchoolYard, designed to connect top professional cricketers with young fans and support student success across the region. Scheduled to roll out over the coming weeks starting in mid-August, the initiative combines hands-on engagement with tangible resources to empower the next generation of Caribbean young people.

    The first phase of the program, branded CPL SchoolYard – Back to School, will take place on August 17 at two simultaneous host venues: the Daren Sammy National Cricket Stadium in Saint Lucia and Kingston’s Sabina Park in Jamaica. More than 50 participating students at the two locations will get the chance to take part in interactive skill-building games and meet-and-greet sessions with current CPL franchise cricketers. Beyond the unique opportunity to connect with the athletes they follow, every participating child will go home with a fully stocked book bag filled with essential school supplies to remove barriers as they start the new school year.

    The outreach will extend into September with the second phase, CPL SchoolYard – Take a Player to School, set for September 10 at schools across Guyana and Barbados. During this phase, professional CPL players will visit local classrooms to interact directly with students, sharing personal anecdotes about their own journeys from Caribbean schoolchildren dreaming of a career in sport to full-time professional cricketers. These sessions are designed to offer inspiration and relatable guidance for students pursuing their own goals, on and off the cricket pitch.

    In addition to the in-person back-to-school events, CPL has also committed to expanding digital literacy access and education for young people across the Caribbean. The league will integrate digital literacy programming into match-day activities at its stadiums, and will leverage its large, engaged social media following to roll out additional resources through its official digital channels.

    Christine Charles, Chief Marketing Officer of CPL, emphasized that the new initiative goes far beyond promoting cricket across the region. “CPL SchoolYard is about more than cricket. It’s about showing young people across the Caribbean that the players they cheer for started out exactly where they are now, in a classroom, with a dream,” Charles explained. “We’re proud to help send children back to school with everything they need, and even prouder to watch our players give their time to inspire the next generation.”

    As the Republic Bank Caribbean Premier League continues to expand its presence and fan base across Caribbean nations, the launch of CPL SchoolYard reinforces the league’s longstanding commitment to investing in the local communities that form the core of the CPL fan family. The program creates a rare, direct opportunity for young cricket fans to build personal connections with the professional athletes they admire, while addressing tangible needs for students returning to the classroom.

  • Emmanuel 8th in historic World U20 final

    Emmanuel 8th in historic World U20 final

    Seventeen-year-old sprinting talent Jady Emmanuel has carved her name into Saint Lucian athletics history, becoming the first junior competitor from the small Caribbean island to earn a spot in a World Athletics official junior final. The rising star from Morne Paul, Laborie, claimed eighth place in a field of nine elite runners at the women’s 100-meter final of the 2026 World Under-20 Championships, held in Eugene, Oregon’s famed Tracktown USA.

    What makes Emmanuel’s breakthrough even more remarkable is her resilience through a major setback earlier this year. In March, she suffered an injury during the preliminary rounds of Saint Lucia’s national high school championships. Instead of stepping away from competition, the teen fought her way back to full fitness, a comeback that has seen her repeatedly knock time off her personal best and reset the national Under-18 100-meter record along the way.

    Her journey to the global final unfolded dramatically over 24 hours in Oregon. On Wednesday, she opened her campaign with a blistering 11.28-second run to claim victory in her qualifying heat. Just hours later, she backed up that performance with a 11.42-second finish to take second place in her semifinal, locking in her spot in Thursday’s final. With this achievement, Emmanuel joined an exclusive group: she is only the fifth Saint Lucian athlete in history to reach a global championship final at any competitive level.

    In the final, held with a mild -0.1 m/s headwind, Emmanuel’s future University of Texas teammate Mia Maxwell crossed the line first to take gold in 11.14 seconds, while Jamaica’s Shanoya Douglas claimed silver. Though Emmanuel’s final result did not match the top form she showed in earlier rounds, her milestone achievement stands as a testament to her rapid growth as an athlete.

    Emmanuel’s historic run has also lifted her to new heights on Saint Lucia’s all-time sprint rankings. Her 11.28-second qualifying time improved on the 11.39-second run that earned her gold at last month’s OECS/ANOCES Championships. She has now jumped ahead of decorated former competitors including ex-World U20 semifinalist Mechaela Hyacinth (11.49) and former national record holders Verneta Lesporis (11.48) and Jineill Vite (11.44), placing her third on the country’s all-time women’s 100m list, behind only elite sprinters Julien Alfred and Naomi London.

    She also follows in the footsteps of a small, celebrated group of Saint Lucian athletes who have reached global finals. High jump icon Levern Spencer took home Under-18 bronze in 2001 before going on to compete in both World Championships and Olympic finals. Julien Alfred, the country’s most successful sprinter, won Youth Olympic silver in 2018 before claiming Olympic gold and silver and World Championships bronze in subsequent years. High jumpers Jeanelle Scheper and Darvin Edwards have also notched global final appearances, cementing the small island nation’s outsized impact on global track and field.

  • Road Tennis federation planned before year-end

    Road Tennis federation planned before year-end

    The Caribbean island nation of Barbados is moving full speed ahead to turn its homegrown sport of road tennis into a globally recognized discipline, with plans to officially establish the International Road Tennis Federation (IRTF) by the end of 2024, the country’s Minister of Sport Charles Griffith confirmed in a Wednesday announcement. The declaration came during the press launch of the fifth edition of the Barbados Road Tennis Open, the sport’s flagship annual competition, where Griffith outlined the island’s long-term strategy for global growth.

    Under the current plan, the new global governing body will be headquartered permanently in Barbados, serving as the central regulatory body to standardize rules, coordinate international competitions, and drive widespread adoption of the sport around the world. Griffith emphasized that launching the federation is a critical milestone in legitimizing road tennis as an international sport, noting that while the process requires formal membership from roughly 50 participating nations to meet international sports governance standards, the time has come to begin laying the foundational framework. Demand for the sport is already growing beyond Barbados’ borders: the government has received inquiries from interested federations across Africa and Europe, and Griffith currently holds an invitation to travel to Canada to open a new international road tennis tournament.

    This year’s Barbados Road Tennis Open, kicking off August 15 and running through October 3, offers a $20,000 top prize for both men’s and women’s singles champions, marking one of the most lucrative purses for the sport to date. In a groundbreaking update for 2024, the tournament will add an under-18 youth division for both boys and girls, a move designed to cultivate the next generation of road tennis talent.

    Griffith stressed that global expansion starts with robust grassroots development at home. Currently, Barbados counts more than 300 purpose-built road tennis courts across the island, and the government plans to add another 300 courts to ensure nearly every community has access to public playing space. “Building a broad base at the grassroots is the only way to grow the sport sustainably,” Griffith explained. “If we have road tennis played in every corner of this island, we will build a strong talent pyramid that can support elite international competition. The government will continue to work hand-in-hand with the national road tennis association to support their efforts and drive this success.”

    Beyond infrastructure, the minister outlined plans to expand the national coaching cohort, training a pool of certified instructors who can travel internationally to teach the sport’s rules and introduce it to new markets. Notably, the sport already received high-profile global exposure during the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, where a Barbadian delegation was invited to showcase road tennis – and received a follow-up invitation to host a demonstration at the University of Stirling during their trip. To encourage more young Barbadians to pursue international coaching opportunities, the government will guarantee compensation for all coaches who travel abroad to promote the sport.

    Griffith also highlighted the need to build a sustainable commercial framework for road tennis, allowing Barbadians to reap economic benefits from their indigenous sport. Key opportunities include the standardization and manufacturing of official road tennis rackets, which could become a new export product for the island.

    Calling road tennis “the next global breakout sport,” Griffith revealed that a pathway already exists to achieve Olympic recognition. Four years ago, during discussions with International Olympic Committee leadership, Barbados received an informal offer to pursue observer status for road tennis – a key first step toward eventual inclusion in the Olympic program. “We can only reach that milestone if we get road tennis moving across the world,” Griffith said. “That is why launching the international federation now is so critical.”

  • Pressure Mounts on FIFA President Gianni Infantino Despite Apology

    Pressure Mounts on FIFA President Gianni Infantino Despite Apology

    As of August 6, 2026, FIFA President Gianni Infantino is facing unprecedented pressure to step down from his post, even after the global football governing body issued a formal apology and pulled back a deeply divisive plan to sell off commercial and operational rights to the FIFA World Cup. The controversial scheme, branded as FFE, sparked immediate and widespread backlash from stakeholders across the international football ecosystem, forcing FIFA’s leadership to convene an emergency crisis meeting in Rabat, Morocco.

    During that closed-door gathering, FIFA officials publicly admitted that significant missteps were made in how the FFE proposal was developed and presented to the global football community. But this gesture of accountability has failed to quell the rising anger and criticism aimed at Infantino and his senior leadership team.

    UEFA, the governing body that oversees European football, has remained firm in its existing boycott of all FIFA competitions. The European organization argues that FIFA has refused to offer concrete guarantees that such problematic proposals will never be brought forward again, and it has repeatedly confirmed that it no longer has confidence in Infantino’s ability to lead global football. This ongoing boycott carries tangible risks for FIFA’s upcoming events: Poland is set to host the FIFA Under-20 Women’s World Cup starting September 5, and it is still uncertain whether UEFA’s hardline stance will disrupt the tournament or force FIFA to scramble to arrange alternative hosting plans.

    FIFPRO, the global union that represents professional footballers around the world, has also rejected FIFA’s apology as inadequate. The union labeled the FFE proposal a “profound abuse of presidential power,” noting that hollow public apologies are no substitute for meaningful, structural governance reforms that can rebuild public and institutional trust in FIFA’s leadership.

    Reactions from other regional governing bodies have been more mixed. CONMEBOL, the South American football confederation, praised FIFA’s choice to scrap the controversial proposal, but declined to back calls for an extraordinary general congress to vote on Infantino’s immediate future. Instead, the organization supports sticking to the existing normal presidential election timeline, with candidate nominations for the role of FIFA President set to close on November 18.

    Infantino, who has held the position of FIFA President since 2016, now faces intensifying headwinds as he prepares for next year’s scheduled presidential election. With criticism mounting from some of the most powerful institutions in global football, his hold on the organization’s top job grows increasingly precarious.