分类： health

GENEVA, Switzerland – Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be the world’s deadliest infectious disease, claiming approximately 1.23 million lives in 2023, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). While recent data shows a 3% decline in TB-related deaths and a 2% drop in cases, the WHO cautioned that these gains are precarious and could be reversed without sustained efforts.

In a significant move to enhance healthcare accessibility, the Southern Regional Health Authority (SRHA) has announced the reopening of multiple health centers across St Elizabeth, Jamaica. These facilities are now operational to provide essential primary care services to residents in the parish. The reopened centers include Junction, Portsea, Malvern, Santa Cruz, Pepper, Myersville, Lacovia, Balaclava, Maggotty (Holy Spirit Church), Elderslie (mobile unit), Southfield, Bellevue, Newell, Black River (tent), New Market (mobile unit), Gingerhill (medical outreach), and Middle Quarters. Operating hours are set from Monday to Thursday, 8:30 am to 4:30 pm, and on Fridays from 8:30 am to 4:00 pm. The SRHA has clarified that specific services will be available on designated days, ensuring a structured approach to healthcare delivery. This initiative aims to address the growing healthcare needs of the community, particularly in underserved areas, and marks a pivotal step in improving public health infrastructure in the region.

In the wake of Hurricane Melissa, which struck Jamaica on October 28, the Public Health Department has ordered the destruction of 5,661 kilogrammes of food deemed unsafe for consumption. The decision followed inspections of 5,052 food handling establishments, as disclosed by Minister of Health and Wellness Dr. Christopher Tufton in Parliament on Tuesday. The hurricane, a Category 5 storm, left several south-western parishes without electricity, severely disrupting food safety and public health systems.

Dr. Tufton emphasized the government’s efforts to monitor large farms and food processing facilities to prevent unsafe food from entering the supply chain and to avert potential outbreaks of food-borne diseases. He assured that safety measures would be intensified as access to previously marooned communities improves. Opposition health spokesman Dr. Alfred Dawes echoed the need for vigilance, warning that diseases such as dysentery, dengue, and cholera could emerge in the aftermath of the disaster.

The hurricane caused catastrophic damage to health infrastructure across the island, particularly in the southern and western regions. Seven hospitals, including Black River, Noel Holmes, and Cornwall Regional, suffered extensive roof and structural damage. A field hospital has been established in Black River, with plans for additional facilities in Falmouth and Savanna-la-Mar. Over 100 health centres also reported damage, severely impacting primary care services.

Despite these challenges, the Ministry of Health has initiated a three-phase recovery plan. The first phase focuses on restoring basic health services, preventing disease outbreaks, and addressing staff welfare. Dr. Tufton highlighted that 79% of healthcare professionals have returned to work, enabling the resumption of critical services such as maternal and child health care, HIV treatment, and immunizations in 30% of damaged facilities.

The government’s response also includes mass environmental health actions, psychosocial interventions, and infrastructure repairs. Dr. Tufton stressed the importance of rebuilding the health system to be more resilient, stating, ‘We must build back better.’ The Ministry continues to urge citizens to practice proper hygiene, use safe water sources, and report any illness symptoms promptly.

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has issued a call to action for countries across the Americas, including the Caribbean, to enhance surveillance, laboratory diagnostics, outbreak response, and vaccination campaigns. This urgent appeal follows the loss of the region’s measles-free status, a significant setback in public health. The decision was made by the PAHO Measles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndrome Elimination Regional Monitoring and Re-Verification Commission during a recent meeting in Mexico City. The Commission confirmed that endemic measles transmission has been reestablished in Canada, where the virus has circulated for at least 12 months. This marks the first time the Americas, which previously achieved measles elimination twice, have lost this status. As of November 7, 2024, 12,596 confirmed measles cases have been reported across 10 countries, with 95% of cases concentrated in Canada, Mexico, and the United States—a 30-fold increase compared to earlier this year. Tragically, 28 deaths have been recorded, primarily in Mexico. Active outbreaks are ongoing in Canada, Mexico, the United States, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Belize, largely driven by imported cases. PAHO emphasized that transmission primarily affects under-vaccinated communities, with 89% of cases occurring in unvaccinated individuals or those with unknown vaccination status. Children under one year old are the most vulnerable group. Measles, a highly contagious disease, can lead to severe complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, blindness, and death. Vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure, having saved millions of lives over the past decades. However, regional vaccination coverage for the second dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR2) has plummeted to just 7%, far below the 95% threshold needed to prevent outbreaks. PAHO is providing technical support to affected countries, deploying experts, and monitoring risks in Belize, Brazil, and Paraguay. PAHO Director Dr. Jarbas Barbosa urged countries to redouble efforts, emphasizing that cooperation, solidarity, and science can overcome this challenge. The Americas have previously regained measles elimination status after setbacks, and PAHO remains confident that the region can achieve this once more through sustained vaccination, surveillance, and outbreak response.