Finance Minister Davendranath Tancoo unveiled Trinidad and Tobago’s 2025-2026 national budget on October 13 at the Red House in Port of Spain. The budget, delivered with confidence and compassion, promises significant relief measures, including wage increases for public servants, fuel subsidies, and investments in education and housing. However, the fiscal framework hinges on optimistic assumptions about oil and gas revenues, raising concerns about its long-term sustainability.
Central to the budget is the assumption of an oil price of US$73.25 per barrel, which underpins the projected modest deficit of 2.17% of GDP. However, global forecasts from institutions like the IMF and the World Bank predict Brent crude prices averaging US$60-65 per barrel in 2026—a 15-20% shortfall compared to the government’s estimates. Given Trinidad and Tobago’s oil production of 55,000 barrels per day, this discrepancy could result in a petroleum revenue shortfall of $1.3 to $1.6 billion. Combined with potential delays in gas field development, total revenue could fall short by $4-5 billion, pushing the deficit closer to 5-6% of GDP.
The budget also assumes a rise in natural gas production from 2.6 to 3.2 billion cubic feet per day by 2027, largely dependent on projects like Shell’s Manatee field. However, industry timelines suggest even a one-year delay could derail these projections. Meanwhile, oil production remains near historic lows, with no major new discoveries monetized, casting doubt on the energy sector’s ability to deliver the anticipated revenues.
On the expenditure side, the budget is ambitious, committing to a 10% wage increase for public servants, costing $214 million annually, and reinstating part of the fuel subsidy by reducing super gasoline prices by $1 per litre. Additionally, multi-billion-dollar allocations for infrastructure, education, and social support programs further strain the fiscal framework. While these measures are individually defensible, collectively they embed a permanently higher wage and subsidy bill that will persist even if energy revenues falter.
To bolster non-energy revenue, the government introduced new measures, including a 0.25% asset levy on banks and insurers, a $0.05 per kilowatt-hour electricity surcharge, and higher excise duties on alcohol and tobacco. These are expected to generate $1-1.5 billion in additional revenue, but this falls short of addressing a potential $4 billion shortfall. Moreover, the asset levy may lead to higher lending rates and service fees, potentially dampening private-sector investment.
The budget’s development promises, such as 20,000 affordable homes and $150 million for laptops, are commendable but overly ambitious given the country’s fiscal capacity and implementation track record. Without robust private-sector partnerships or multilateral financing, many projects may face delays or downsizing as fiscal pressures mount.
Tobago’s allocation of 6.3% (approximately $3.7 billion) represents a modest improvement, but the 10% wage increase across the public service signifies a structural shift in expenditure. This higher wage cost limits future fiscal flexibility unless revenues rise sharply—a scenario unlikely under current global energy conditions.
If oil prices average US$62-65 per barrel and gas production remains flat, total revenue could hover around $51-52 billion against expenditures of $59 billion, resulting in a deficit closer to $7-8 billion. Financing this gap would require new borrowing or drawdowns from the Heritage and Stabilisation Fund, both of which would weaken fiscal resilience.
In conclusion, while the 2025-2026 budget is socially generous and politically astute, it is economically precarious. It offers short-term relief and comfort after years of austerity but bets heavily on an energy rebound that may not materialize soon enough. The real risk lies in a country counting on oil dollars that the market may never deliver, trading short-term satisfaction for long-term vulnerability.