The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has revealed alarming statistics indicating that over 40% of adults in Trinidad and Tobago (TT) are overweight or obese, a significant risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. Currently, diabetes affects 12-15% of the population, with at least 150,000 individuals diagnosed. However, Dr. Chad Bisambar, a renowned diabetes specialist and endocrinologist, warns that the actual number is likely higher due to undiagnosed cases. Diabetes, a chronic condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, arises from insufficient insulin production or ineffective insulin use. Dr. Bisambar, who trained at the University of Cambridge and practices at multiple medical institutions in TT, highlights that 90% of diabetes cases are Type 2, often asymptomatic, leading to delayed diagnosis. He also notes a worrying surge in cases among children and young adults under 40. Major risk factors include poor diet, sedentary lifestyles, family history, East Indian descent, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in women. Dr. Bisambar emphasizes that diabetes is the leading cause of heart attacks, strokes, blindness, kidney failure, and lower limb amputations in TT. Addressing misconceptions, he clarifies that elevated blood glucose can cause organ damage even without symptoms and that lifestyle changes can sometimes eliminate the need for medication. Over the past decade, diabetes treatments have evolved significantly. Newer medications like SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists not only lower blood sugar but also protect major organs and reduce body fat. These drugs are now recommended internationally as first- or second-line treatments, particularly for patients with heart or kidney disease. Despite these advancements, access to newer drugs like semaglutide and terzepatide remains limited in TT, posing financial and logistical challenges for patients. Dr. Bisambar stresses the importance of patient education, early detection, and a national screening program to combat the diabetes epidemic. He encourages those affected to seek support from family, healthcare providers, and organizations like the Diabetes Association of TT, emphasizing that with proper guidance, diabetes management can be simplified and remission achieved.
Modern medicine brings new hope but: Diabetes on the rise in Trinidad and Tobago
