As the 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) approaches, set to take place from November 10 to 21, 2025, in Belém, Brazil, the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) is issuing a critical health advisory. With an estimated 60,000 participants from 198 countries expected to attend, including heads of state, scientists, activists, and civil society representatives, PAHO/WHO emphasizes the importance of reviewing vaccination statuses for yellow fever and measles before traveling. Yellow fever, a severe mosquito-borne viral infection, can lead to high fever, liver damage, and, in severe cases, death. In 2025 alone, the Americas have reported 294 cases and 121 fatalities across six countries, including Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru. Although Belém has not reported any cases this year, its location in the Amazon region, a high-risk area, necessitates vigilance. Measles, another highly contagious viral disease, has seen a global resurgence, with 177,469 cases worldwide and 12,163 in the Americas as of mid-October. Canada leads in regional cases, while Brazil has recorded 35 cases, none in Belém. PAHO/WHO recommends that unvaccinated individuals receive the yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days before travel and the MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella) at least 15 days prior. For those aged 60 and older, yellow fever vaccination should be approached cautiously after a medical evaluation. Both vaccines can be administered simultaneously or with a four-week interval. PAHO/WHO also calls for enhanced epidemiological surveillance, vaccine availability, and risk communication across the region. Health systems are urged to monitor COP30 attendees for symptoms such as fever, rash, or jaundice during and after the event.
Residents attending major climate conference in Brazil told to get yellow fever and measles vaccine
