标签： Trinidad and Tobago

Homeland Security Minister Roger Alexander has stated that the Trinidad and Tobago (TT) government has no additional information regarding the US anti-narco terrorism operation ‘Southern Spear,’ announced by US Secretary of War Pete Hegseth on November 13. Hegseth’s announcement on X emphasized the mission’s goal to defend the Western Hemisphere, remove narco-terrorists, and secure the region from drug-related threats. Alexander, speaking to the media outside Parliament on November 14, clarified that the TT government is only aware of the ongoing joint exercises between TT and US law enforcement agencies, which have been conducted for years. He acknowledged the positive impact of US air-strikes on alleged drug-trafficking boats between TT and Venezuela, citing a significant reduction in firearms, human trafficking, and illegal drugs entering TT. However, Alexander emphasized that the government has no further details on ‘Southern Spear.’ This revelation follows Attorney General John Jeremie’s announcement in a UK Financial Times article on November 13, stating that the US will ‘intensify exercises’ in TT in the coming days. The 22nd US Marine Expeditionary Unit arrived in Trinidad aboard the USS Gravely two weeks prior for military exercises with the TT Defence Force, held from October 26-30. Minister of Foreign and Caricom Affairs Sean Sobers confirmed upcoming joint exercises from November 16-21, aimed at enhancing local law enforcement capabilities. Meanwhile, concerns persist over the deaths of over 70 individuals, including Trinidadians Rishi Samaroo and Chad ‘Charpo’ Joseph, following US air-strikes on alleged drug boats. Their bodies remain missing, and while Sobers denied evidence linking their deaths to the strikes, relatives insist they were killed in the operation.

Independent Senator Sophia Chote, SC, voiced significant concerns during the Senate debate on the Administration of Justice (Indictable Proceedings) (Amendment) Bill, 2025 (AJIPA), particularly regarding the expanded powers granted to Justices of the Peace (JPs) to authorize search warrants. Chote, a former president of the Law Association, highlighted the lack of a comprehensive and up-to-date list of JPs, citing a Gazetted list from May as incomplete and potentially dangerous. She pointed out that there is no mechanism for the JP Association or the Ministry of Land and Legal Affairs to be informed if a JP becomes incapacitated, dies, or faces serious legal charges. Chote emphasized the risks of granting broad powers to JPs without proper background checks or accountability measures. She referenced a 1997 incident where JPs were accused of misconduct, leading to the creation of a handbook by then Attorney General Ramesh Lawrence Maharaj. However, Chote lamented that this guide is now outdated and largely unknown to many attorneys. She concluded that without a transparent and accountable system for JPs, she could not support the bill in good conscience.

The Administration of Justice (Indictable Proceedings) (Amendment) Bill, 2025 (AJIPA) was successfully passed in the Senate on November 14, following intense debates and several amendments. The bill, which amends the Administration of Justice (Indictable Proceedings) Act of 2011, introduces significant changes to the powers of Justices of the Peace (JPs), including the authority to authorize search warrants and grant station bail for indictable offenses. The bill passed with 24 votes in favor, six against, and no abstentions, with no independent senators opposing the amended version.

During the discussions, senators emphasized the need for modernization of the JP system before expanding their powers. Concerns were raised about the current criteria for JPs, which were deemed insufficient for the responsibilities they are expected to undertake. Proposals included establishing a unified record-keeping system for warrants, modern legislation governing JPs, continuing education programs, and an emergency on-call system for Masters of the Court, who possess the necessary expertise to sign search warrants.

Attorney General John Jeremie, along with PNM Senator Faris Al-Rawi and independent Senator Dr. Desiree Murray, proposed amendments during the committee stage. Key issues highlighted included the necessity of legal training for JPs before they could sign search warrants, as well as concerns about corruption, unethical behavior, and the potential for bribery due to the low monthly honorarium of $1,000.

Jeremie committed to referring the matter to the Law Review Committee to address ethical standards and responsibilities of JPs. He also added a proclamation clause to the bill, delaying the implementation of the search warrants section until training and other legislative measures are addressed.

Senator Al-Rawi raised concerns about the potential for JPs to authorize warrants for unspecified premises and questioned whether JPs could approve warrants for the seizure of stored data and communications. Jeremie clarified that such actions were excluded under the Data Protection Act. Al-Rawi’s amendment to remove JPs from the category of individuals authorized to grant search warrants was ultimately defeated.

Senator Murray proposed an amendment requiring JPs to complete standardized and certified training before issuing warrants or granting bail. However, this amendment was also defeated, with eight senators in favor and 22 against. The bill was subsequently read a third time and passed.

Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar’s handling of international concerns regarding Caribbean military operations has sparked significant criticism, with accusations of policy abdication and foreign alignment overshadowing Trinidad and Tobago’s sovereignty. The controversy centers on the government’s dismissal of legal and ethical concerns raised by international allies, including the UK, France, and the EU, over military strikes in Caribbean waters that have resulted in 75 deaths. Critics argue that the Prime Minister’s reliance on U.S. State Department rhetoric and her labeling of scrutiny as “fake news” undermines democratic accountability and regional diplomatic efforts. The government’s adoption of a “narco-terrorism” narrative to justify extrajudicial actions has further fueled discontent, with opponents accusing the administration of weaponizing public fear to suppress dissent. The erosion of the “zone of peace” framework, a decades-old Caribbean consensus on managing great power competition, has been particularly alarming. Citizens are increasingly frustrated with the government’s prioritization of foreign interests over transparency and national sovereignty. The Prime Minister’s failure to address these concerns independently, instead amplifying foreign officials’ statements, has raised questions about Trinidad and Tobago’s capacity for self-determination. Critics warn that without a demand for accountability, the nation risks losing its independence to governance by proxy.