A recent U.S. government review has shed light on the labor conditions in Antigua and Barbuda, revealing that migrant workers are facing threats from employers over union activities. The 2025 Investment Climate Statement, released by the U.S. Department of State in September, highlighted that some foreign workers were warned their work permits could be revoked if they joined unions. Although the law prohibits anti-union discrimination, it does not mandate the reinstatement of workers dismissed for union involvement. The report acknowledged that freedom of association and collective bargaining are generally respected but noted that enforcement is inconsistent. Unions and private citizens have called for more active participation in shaping labor policies. Strikes are legally permitted but come with stringent restrictions, especially for essential services such as water, electricity, and healthcare, which require a two-week notice before striking. If mediation is requested by either party in a labor dispute, strikes are prohibited, with penalties including imprisonment for private-sector workers and some government employees. The Industrial Relations Court can also block strikes if they are deemed a threat to national interest. While the law prohibits retaliation against strikers and sets penalties for labor law violations, administrative and judicial processes are often delayed. The report also mentioned that the minimum wage was adjusted in 2023 to $3.33 (XCD 9.00) per hour, though most workers earn above this threshold. The standard workweek is 40 hours over five days, with a legal maximum of 48 hours over six days. Employees are entitled to 12 paid holidays annually, and overtime must be paid at 1.5 times the basic wage. Investors are legally required to uphold workers’ rights and protect the environment. Although Antigua and Barbuda lacks specific health and safety regulations, general provisions exist under the Labour Code, and the Labour Commission is tasked with resolving disputes over abuses and health and safety conditions. The U.S. review comes as Antigua and Barbuda aims to attract more foreign investment and expand employment in tourism, construction, and business process outsourcing. While the legal framework supports core labor rights, gaps in enforcement, particularly for migrant workers, remain a significant challenge.
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Youth Economy Agency ramps up support after early backlog
Three years ago, the Youth Economy Agency (YEA) launched its grant program, only to be inundated with applications. With just two officers handling the influx, the agency struggled to keep up, leaving many applicants in limbo. CEO Bryan Vidal acknowledged the challenges, stating that while grant processing continued, the backlog eventually forced a temporary halt on new applications. During this period, only 13 entrepreneurs received emergency support. However, since July, the agency has significantly bolstered its capacity. The grant department now employs nine dedicated staff members, and new technology has streamlined operations, enabling the agency to move forward efficiently. Vidal highlighted YEA’s broader impact, noting that it has processed over 1,505 grants, six loans, trained more than 880 individuals, and facilitated mentorship for 126 people. The agency has injected over $9.6 million into the economy, with grants averaging $3,000 and loans reaching up to $30,000. YEA also provides training in areas like bookkeeping, customer service, and digital marketing. The agency’s mission is to combat youth unemployment by offering the kind of support typically provided by family in other contexts. Vidal emphasized that successful entrepreneurs often credit family support, and YEA aims to fill that role by providing access to finance through loans and grants. For many, this support has been transformative. Quinn St. Juste, a podcaster and multimedia journalist, used his grant to expand his operation, while a young block maker purchased a machine that revolutionized his business. Although grants are generally issued on a first-come, first-served basis, YEA also employs a risk-based assessment to prioritize businesses facing urgent threats. Applications involve interviews and site visits, and funds are often disbursed as equipment to ensure accountability. YEA reports regularly to the Caribbean Development Bank, the Ministry of Economic Development, and its board of directors. The agency has also made its services more accessible by processing applications on-site in Castries and holding outreach sessions in various communities. Vidal envisions a future where self-employed individuals continue to make significant economic impacts, thanks to YEA’s support.








