A damning report from the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) has declared the persistent violence in Sudan a blatant violation of international legal frameworks. The comprehensive assessment, released on December 18, 2025, documents systematic atrocities occurring amid the nation’s devastating civil conflict.
The investigation specifically highlights the April 11-13 assault on Zamzam’s internally displaced persons (IDP) camp as emblematic of widespread humanitarian law breaches. Documented evidence confirms at least 1,013 civilian fatalities during the three-day offensive executed by the Rapid Support Forces paramilitary group. The report meticulously details horrific accounts of targeted killings, sexual violence, torture, and mass abductions.
During a press briefing at UN Headquarters in New York, High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk emphasized the urgent need for impartial investigations and accountability through fair judicial proceedings. Türk simultaneously highlighted the critical shortcomings in humanitarian response capabilities, noting that overwhelming needs and persistent insecurity continue to hamper relief efforts in displacement camps.
The current crisis originated in 2023 following the collapse of Sudan’s transitional government, triggering violent clashes between national armed forces and paramilitary units. Current estimates indicate over 150,000 fatalities and 12 million displaced persons nationwide.
UN Deputy Spokesperson Farhan Haq provided alarming updates regarding deteriorating conditions in the Kordofan region, where escalating drone strikes and artillery shelling have created new displacement crises. Recent attacks on civilian areas in Dilling and Kadugli have forced families to undertake perilous journeys through suspected minefields.
Between October and December 2025, over 50,000 individuals were displaced across Kordofan due to intensified violence. North Darfur State reports indicate additional civilian casualties and displacement from drone strikes in multiple localities. The conflict’s infrastructure impact expanded significantly with attacks on power stations in Atbara causing widespread blackouts across River Nile State.
The international humanitarian response faces critical funding shortfalls, with the UN’s $4.2 billion appeal remaining severely underfunded at only 36% of requested resources.